Amniocentesis,before the actual procedure, a local anesthetic is sometimes given to relieve the pain when inserting the needle used to withdraw the fluid. A needle is usually inserted through the mother's abdominal wall or at the end of the vagina, and through the wall of the uterus into the amniotic sac. With assistance from ultrasound, a physician aims towards an area of the sac that is away from the fetus and extracts a small amount of amniotic fluid for testing. The puncture heals, and the amniotic sac replenishes the liquid over a day or so. After the amniotic fluid is extracted, the fetal cells are separated from it using a centrifuge, and the fetal chromosomes are examined for abnormalities. Various genetic testing may be performed, but the three most common abnormalities tested for are Down's syndrome, Trisomy 18 and spina bifida. Amniocentesis can be performed as soon as sufficient amniotic fluid surrounds the fetus to allow a sample to be recovered relatively safely, usually no earlier than the 14th week of pregnancy. Often, genetic counseling is offered in conjunction with amniocentesis.

DMC Children's Hospital of Michigan -- where everything we do is just for them. ~ Detroit Medical Center

Ankle and Foot Clinical Examination - Clinical Skills - Dr Gill

When it comes to joints of the body, the ankle is one of the joints most commonly injured. This is vitally important to be able to effectively examine a patient who is complaining of pain in the ankle and foot.

In this video we will perform a demonstration of the ankle and foot examination.

Examination of the foot, and the ankle joint, follows the standard orthopaedic approach of look, feel, move.

There is a connected video to the foot and ankle examination, on the causes of carpal tunnel syndrome - here

https://youtu.be/aXx6NfBWDSs

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Please note that there is no ABSOLUTE way to perform a clinical examination. Different institutions and even clinicians will have differing degrees of variations - the aim is the effectively identify medically relevant signs.

However during OSCE assessments. Different medical schools, nursing colleges, and other health professional courses will have their own preferred approach to a clinical assessment - you should concentrate on THEIR marks schemes for your assessments.

The examination demonstrated here is derived from Macleod's Clinical Examination - a recognized standard textbook for clinical skills.


#footpain #clinicalexamination #DrGill

Anatomy of The Forearm and Hand

Mastectomy is surgery to remove all breast tissue from a breast as a way to treat or prevent breast cancer. For those with early-stage breast cancer, mastectomy may be one treatment option. Breast-conserving surgery (lumpectomy), in which only the tumor is removed from the breast, may be another option.

Knee Examination - Orthopaedic Knee OSCE - Medicine Explained - Clinical Skills - Dr Gill

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* error clarification

Varus or valgus deformity depends on the joint you are looking at

Valgus deformity is where the bone DISTAL to a joint is angled outward, ie way from the body's midline

Thus a VARUS deformity of the knee is colloquially “bow-legged”
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This Knee Exam Deep Dive looks at the details of the examination of a patient with knee issues, highlighting what is being checked for during special tests and examination findings

In this video, we demonstrate how to perform a clinical examination of the knee for your medical school Clinical Skills OSCE. As orthopaedic exams are core skills when it comes to examining patients, students should assume that a knee assessment is a high yield station for any clinical exams or clinical assessments.

For a passing grade in your Clinical Skills OSCE, in a knee exam follow the approach of:
- Look
- Feel
- Move

HOWEVER, a knee examination OSCE station does not just involve pressing around the joint, as this video also demonstrates some of the specialised examination techniques required in examining patients such as the anterior draw test, checking for sag sign, along with discussion about McMurray's test

Reduction in movement, pain and general concerns about knee issues is a common reason for patients to see a doctor, and in general, practice is probably one of the hardest joints to accurately diagnose a problem in

This video has two other knee demonstration videos associated with it:

https://youtu.be/oyKH4EYfJDM - Knee assessment Demo

https://youtu.be/5qJaf7gW-B0 - Gait, Arms, Legs, Spine - GALS screen

------------

Please note that there is no ABSOLUTE way to perform a clinical examination. Different institutions and even clinicians will have differing degrees of variations - the aim is the effectively identify medically relevant signs.

However during OSCE assessments. Different medical schools, nursing colleges and other health professional courses will have their own preferred approach to a clinical assessment - you should concentrate on THEIR marks schemes for your assessments.

The examination demonstrated here is derived from Macleods Clinical Examination - a recognised standard textbook for clinical skills.

Some people viewing this medical examination video may experience an ASMR effect

#clinicalskills #Knee #DrGill

Pulmonary edema is usually caused by a heart condition. Other causes include pneumonia, exposure to certain toxins and drugs, and being at high elevations. Depending on the cause, pulmonary edema symptoms may appear suddenly or develop over time. Mild to extreme breathing difficulty can occur. Cough, chest pain, and fatigue are other symptoms. Treatment generally includes supplemental oxygen and medications.

This video - produced by students at Oxford University Medical School - demonstrates how to perform an examination of the respiratory system. It also indicates common pathologies encountered. It is part of a series of videos covering basic clinical examinations and is linked to Oxford Medical Education (www.oxfordmedicaleducation.com).

Anemia is a medical condition in which the red blood cell count or hemoglobin is less than normal. The normal level of hemoglobin is generally different in males and females. For men, a normal hemoglobin level is typically defined as a level of more than 13.5 gram/100 ml, and in women as hemoglobin of more than 12.0 gram/100 ml. These definitions may vary slightly depending on the source and the laboratory reference used. Continue Reading

Watch that video to know if it is safe to have sex during period

contact lens for beginners

Dermatomyositis (dur-muh-toe-my-uh-SY-tis) is an uncommon inflammatory disease marked by muscle weakness and a distinctive skin rash. Dermatomyositis affects adults and children alike. In adults, dermatomyositis usually occurs from the late 40s to early 60s. In children, the disease most often appears between 5 and 15 years of age. Dermatomyositis affects more females than males. There's no cure for dermatomyositis, but periods of remission — when symptoms improve spontaneously — may occur. Treatment can clear the skin rash and help you regain muscle strength and function. Symptoms ShareTweet June 17, 2014 References Products and Services Newsletter: Mayo Clinic Health Letter See also Dysphagia Electromyography Fatigue MRI Muscle pain Peptic ulcer Prednisone risks, benefits Show more Advertisement Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. Advertising & Sponsorship PolicyOpportunitiesAd Choices Mayo Clinic Store Check out these best-sellers and special offers on books and newsletters from Mayo Clinic. NEW! – The Mayo Clinic Diet, Second Edition Treatment Strategies for Arthritis Mayo Clinic on Better Hearing and Balance Keeping your bones healthy and strong The Mayo Clinic Diet Online

Honeymoon palsy from another individual sleeping on and compressing one's arm overnight. Saturday night palsy from falling asleep with one's arm hanging over the arm rest of a chair, compressing the radial nerve

Karnim Capsules - Everything You Need to Know

A good case comprising of laparoscopic cholecystectomy with lap. assisted vaginal hysterectomy done simultaneously

The annual incidence of primary intraspinal neoplasm is approximately five per million for females and three per million for males.[9] Spinal intradural extramedullary tumors account for two thirds of all intraspinal neoplasms and include neuromas and meningiomas.[1] Overall, meningiomas account for 25 to 46% of primary spinal neoplasms and are the second most common intradural spine tumor after neuromas.[9] Spinal meningiomas occur less frequently than intracranial ones and account for approximately 7.5 to 12.7% of all meningiomas.[25]

Watch that video to know if it is safe to have intercourse during her period

Carotid Stenosis and what it means. The detection and treatment of carotid artery disease for the prevention of stroke is one of the most effective treatments in all of medicine.

Open Inguinal Hernia Operation (German)