The cause for TS is unknown. Early research suggested that TS is an inherited condition (often, the person's near or distant relatives have had some form of transient or chronic tic disorder or associated symptoms). Recent studies point to a combination of environmental and genetic factors as a cause of the disorder. The specific genes involved in the development of TS are still being investigated. Studies suggest that TS has a neurological basis and results from an abnormality which affects the brain's metabolism of certain neurotransmitters (chemicals in the brain that regulate behavior.) Current research being funded by the Tourette Syndrome Association (TSA) will help provide more information about the causes and genetic factors of TS.

Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of cancers in which immature blood cells in the bone marrow do not mature or become healthy blood cells. In a healthy person, the bone marrow makes blood stem cells (immature cells) that become mature blood cells over time.Aug 12, 2015

Gynecomastia 3D Animation

External cephalic version is a process by which a breech baby can sometimes be turned from buttocks or foot first to head first. External cephalic version (ECV) is a manual procedure that is advocated by national guidelines for breech presentation singleton pregnancy, in order to enable vaginal delivery.

Surgery to replace an aortic valve is done for aortic valve stenosis and aortic valve regurgitation. During this surgery, the damaged valve is removed and replaced with an artificial valve. The valve replacement is typically an open-heart surgery.

Vediographic-Electric Beat-Pacemakers and the human heart

French Insuficiencia cardiaca

USMLE Step 2 CS - Bloody Urine This is just preview video. To get full access please visit our website : www.usmletutoring.com

Pulmonary Physical Examination Lecture

Ligation of Aneurysm in ArterioVenous Malformation

Foramen Magnum Neurofibroma Video

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Conductive System of the Heart

Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS) Hip Joint Replacement is an advancement in hip replacement that offers important advantages over standard surgical procedures. Stryker has partnered with surgeons worldwide to develop MIS procedures and surgical instruments that are designed to help your surgeons do their very best to help you recover your lifestyle. These techniques bring together a wide variety of hip implants, new minimally invasive surgical techniques, and new instrumentation. The direct anterior approach is one of the minimally invasive techniques used in hip replacement surgery. Continuing orthopaedic experience suggests that this procedure may offer several advantages over the more traditional surgical approaches to hip replacement.1 Traditional hip replacement techniques involve operating from the side (lateral) or the back (posterior) of the hip, which requires a significant disturbance of the joint and connecting tissues and an incision approximately 8-12 inches long. In comparison, the direct anterior approach requires an incision that is only 3-4 inches in length and located at the front of the hip.1 In this position, the surgeon does not need to detach any of the muscles or tendons.

The da Vinci® Surgical System provides surgeons with an alternative to both traditional open surgery and conventional laparoscopy, putting a surgeon's hands at the controls of a state-of-the-art robotic platform. Our surgeons can perform even the most complex and delicate procedures through very small incisions with unmatched precision.

Angina results from a reduction in the oxygen supply/demand ratio. Therefore, in order to alleviate the pain, it is necessary to improve this ratio. This can be done either by increasing blood flow (which increases oxygen delivery or supply), or by decreasing oxygen demand (i.e., by decreasing myocardial oxygen consumption).

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ), located just in front of the lower part of the ear, allows the lower jaw to move. The TMJ is a ball-and-socket joint, just like the hip or shoulder. When the mouth opens wide, the ball (called the condyle) comes out of the socket and moves forward, going back into place when the mouth closes. TMJ becomes dislocated when the condyle moves too far and gets stuck in front of a bony prominence called the articular eminence. The condyle can't move back into place. This happens most often when the ligaments that normally keep the condyle in place are somewhat loose, allowing the condyle to move beyond the articular eminence. The surrounding muscles often go into spasm and hold the condyle in the dislocated position.

Learn more about Merit Medical's ProGuide™ Chronic Dialysis

This poor old lady came with swelling in her left buttock for 10 days.She had history of injection in her buttocks two weeks back. She developed painful swelling and redness in her left gluteal region with difficulty in walking.It was diagnosed as injection abscess left gluteal region which needs incision and drainage under local anesthesia.Patient part painted and drapped.2% Lignocaine with adrenaline was infiltrated around the swelling for proper filed block.I use no-11 blade for stab incision over the swelling at the most fluctuating point of the abscess.You can watch how pus was flowing out from the cavity.The aim is to drain all pus from the abscess cavity.Finger exploration is essential to break all loculi inside the cavity, to know the depth and extend of the cavity and to fascilitate proper drainage of residual pus.after pus evacuation,, the cavity should be irrigated with normal saline and betadine solution.lastly the cavity to be packed with betadine soaked guage pieces.Proper dressing is essential.the dressing to be changed after 24 hours.daily dressing is essential with a good antibiotic coverage.the cavity usually obliterates within a period of seven to ten days.