Leard about kidney disease. ⁣How Do Kidney Stones Form? How Can We Prevent Them?

Removal of large epidermoid cyst from floor of the mouth

The kid swallowed a coin. Just watch how professionally a doctor extracts it, while another hospital might even perform a surgery and empty the parent's...

Ankle Fracture Surgery Video

Diabetic ketoacidosis is an acute complication of uncontrolled hyperglycaemia characterised by high anion gap metabolic acidosis, dehydration and other metabolic abnormalities. Upto half of patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus may have DKA. The incidence in T2DM is also rising. Precipitants include acute illness such as myocardial infarction, trauma and infection. Paitents of diabetic ketoacidosis may present with vomiting, pain abdomen and lethargy. Mental obtundation may also be present. Management of diabetic ketoacidosis revolves around administration of IV normal saline, insulin, replacement of potassium with frequent monitoring of sugars and electrolytes.

Systemic lupus erythematous is an autoimmune condition characterised by damage to organ systems due to autoantibodies and immune complex deposition. Genes, epigenetic changes and environment play a role in its pathogenesis. SLE is a truly multi system disease causing widespread clinical manifestations in almost all organ systems. Autoantibodies in SLE are numerous and mainly include ANA, dsDNA, Sm and others.

A step wise approach to the pathogenesis, types, disease entities and diagnosis of vasculitis. This discussion also includes the management options of vasculitis and their adverse drug reactions. In essence, vasculitis is a clfinicopathologic process characterised by inflammation and damage of blood vessels. This may be mainly due to three pathological processes which include immune complex deposition, anti-neutrophillic antibody formation and pathological T lymphocyte response and granuloma formation. The disease entities include Wegner's granulomatosis, Churg Strauss and many others. These present with palpable purpura, unexplained renal dysfunction etc which can be diagnosed based on biopsy and angiogram.

A brief description of the pathophysiology, clinical features, warning signs, diagnosis and management of Dengue fever. This description is based on the World Health Organisation guidelines of the management of Dengue fever.

A detailed description of the Hepato-pulmonary syndrome including its definition, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment. The pathophysiology includes nitric oxide in the pulmonary vasculature which results in intrapulmonary vasodilatation. This causes the classical and unique symptom of platypnea and orthodeoxia.

The discussion begins with a basic explanation of Bone biology taking into consideration the osteoblast and osteoclast balance. Concepts of RANK, RANK ligand and Osteoprotegerin are included. Risk factors for Osteoporosis such as Age, alcohol, smoking, sedentary lifestyle are also discussed.

A detailed description of the Arterial Pulse including its waveform and pathological subtypes. Also discussed are the abnormal rates (tachycardia and bradycardia) and their causes, abnormal rhythm (including regularly regular and irregularly irregular pulses) and abnormal character (including pulses bisferiens, pulses parvus et tarsus, pulsus alternans, pulses paradoxus and others.) Description of pulse in various pathological states including Aortic stenosis and aortic regurgitation is also included. Finally there is also a description of the peripheral signs of aortic regurgitation.

A brief overview of Filarial infection in humans. This presentation includes the etiopathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of this condition.