The shoulder joint is formed where the humerus (upper arm bone) fits into the scapula (shoulder blade), like a ball and socket. Other important bones in the shoulder include: The acromion is a bony projection off the scapula. The clavicle (collarbone) meets the acromion in the acromioclavicular joint.

Giant Swollen Leg Elephantiasis Filariasis

Bipolar Disorder Types Overview

This operation can be performed as an open or laparoscopic (keyhole procedure). During the operation the sigmoid colon is removed. This involves taking away the blood vessels and lymph nodes to that part of the bowel. The surgeon then re-makes the join (anastomosis) between the remaining left side of the colon and the top of the rectum. The surgeon may use either sutures or special staples to make this join.

Rectal bleeding can refer to any blood that passes from your anus, although rectal bleeding is usually assumed to refer to bleeding from your lower colon or rectum. Your rectum makes up the last few inches of your large intestine. Rectal bleeding may show up as blood in your stool, on the toilet paper or in the toilet bowl. Blood that results from rectal bleeding can range in color from bright red to dark maroon to a dark, tarry color.

Things Every New Mother Needs to Know

Cancer, also called malignancy, is an abnormal growth of cells. There are more than 100 types of cancer, including breast cancer, skin cancer, lung cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer, and lymphoma. Symptoms vary depending on the type. Cancer treatment may include chemotherapy, radiation, and/or surgery.

Open Inguinal Hernia Repair Surgery - German Narration

Total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR) is a rare congenital malformation in which pulmonary veins that return oxygen-rich blood from the lungs do not connect normally to the left atrium. Instead all four pulmonary veins drain abnormally to the right atrium. Heart models and animation were developed by the Cincinnati Children's Heart Institute in conjunction with Cincinnati Children's Critical Care Media Lab.

This tutorial explains the difference in mechanisms between the 2 palsies. Bulbar palsy is a lower motor neuron condition and pseudobulbar palsy is an upper motor neuron condidtion.

Classical PKU is an autosomal recessive disorder, caused by mutations in both alleles of the gene for phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH), found on chromosome 12. In the body, phenylalanine hydroxylase converts the amino acid phenylalanine to tyrosine, another amino acid.

In the Womb - Identical Twins

The treatment of peritonsillar abscess requires both the selection of appropriate antibiotics and the best procedure to remove the abscessed material. Individualized treatment modalities will result in more successful outcomes. The choice of antibiotics is highly dependent on both the gram stain and culture of the fluid obtained from the needle aspiration. Penicillin used to be the antibiotic of choice for the treatment of peritonsillar abscess, but in recent years the emergence of beta-lactamase-producing organisms has required a change in antibiotic choice.15 Results of studies16,17 suggest that 500 mg of clindamycin administered twice daily or a second- or third-generation oral cephalosporin be used instead of penicillin. Another study1 recommends using penicillin as the first-line agent, and, if there is no response within the first 24 hours, adding 500 mg of metronidazole administered twice daily to the regimen. All specimens should be examined by culture for antibiotic sensitivity to ensure appropriate antibiotic coverage. Three main surgical procedures are available for the treatment of peritonsillar abscess: needle aspiration, incision and drainage, and immediate tonsillectomy. Three recent studies have compared needle aspiration with incision and drainage for the treatment of peritonsillar abscess.16–18 In one study,16 52 consecutive patients who had a positive needle aspiration of a peritonsillar abscess were randomized into two groups comparing needle aspiration alone with incision and drainage.8 There were no significant differences between the two groups in duration of symptoms or initial treatment failure. The results indicated that no further surgical management for peritonsillar abscess was required following the initial needle aspiration. Another study17 conducted in 1991 reported similar results.

This device can detect several diseases from a single drop of blood.

This device gives you super strength to lift heavy items.

This animated video covers statins, fibrates, niacin, bile resins, and ezetimibe. We will discuss mechanisms of action, which part of the lipid profile is affected by each drug, and common side effects.

According to the 2007 Inter-Society Consensus for the Management of Peripheral Arterial Disease (TASC II), acute limb ischemia is defined as a sudden decrease in limb perfusion that causes a potential threat to limb viability [1]. The threatened limb may manifest as ischemic rest pain or the development of tissue loss (ulcers, gangrene). The clinical presentation depends upon the etiology and whether the patient has underlying peripheral artery disease. Patients who present later than two weeks after the onset of the acute event are considered to have chronic limb ischemia. The management of acute arterial occlusion remains a challenge for vascular specialists. Surgical thromboembolectomy and bypass grafting were the mainstays of therapy for many years [2]. Subsequently, thrombolytic therapy and percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) have become treatment options for selected patients [3,4]. Despite these advances, the morbidity, mortality, and limb loss rates from acute lower extremity ischemia remain high [5]. Thus, regardless of the treatment modality used, early diagnosis and rapid initiation of therapy are essential in order to salvage the ischemic extremity.

http://www.landging.com/accident-animation-sports-injury-soccer.html
This accident animation demonstrates sports injury in soccer game.

Both lower extremities must be evaluated to determine the presence or extent of any disease and to ascertain the pulse status of the patient. The feet are examined for signs of peripheral vascular disease and the anterior and posterior tibial pulses are palpated. Because an intact arch can supply retrograde flow to the major vessels of the foot, it can be helpful to put pressure on the anterior tibial artery when detecting the presence of a posterior tibial pulse and visa-versa. This "modified Allen's test" may detect proximal vessel obstruction masked by an intact foot arch. The need for preoperative angiography in young, healthy patients with a normal physical examination has been hotly debated. Our tendency has been to obtain preoperative angiograms as a guide. Although rare, we have seen lower extremities with a dominant peroneal artery nourishing the foot and distal anterior and posterior vessels, contraindicating sacrifice of the peroneal artery. MRI or CT angiography can also be used in many circumstances.

Medical students at Johns Hopkins University are getting a real-life birthing experience when a robot goes into labor. Kasey-Dee Gardner reports.