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Dilatation and curettage (D&C)
Category: Women's Health & Childbirth · All women's health & childbirth
What it is
A D&C is a minor operation in which the neck of the womb (cervix) is gently opened (dilatation) and the lining of the womb is sampled or cleared with a curette or suction device. It is often combined with hysteroscopy so the womb can be seen directly.
Why it is done
It is used to investigate abnormal bleeding, to clear retained tissue after miscarriage or birth (in this setting it is often called surgical management of miscarriage), and occasionally to treat heavy bleeding or remove polyps.
How to prepare
Usually day-case with general anaesthetic, so you will fast beforehand. You must not be pregnant unless the procedure relates to pregnancy care. Blood tests may be done; tell the team about allergies and blood thinners.
What happens during the procedure
Under anaesthetic, the cervix is gently dilated and the womb lining is sampled or emptied with suction/curettage. Tissue is sent to the laboratory. The procedure takes about 10 to 20 minutes.
Afterwards — recovery & results
Most people go home the same day. Period-like cramps and bleeding for several days (occasionally up to two weeks) are common. You will be advised to avoid tampons, baths and intercourse until bleeding settles, to reduce infection risk. Seek help for heavy bleeding, worsening pain, fever or offensive discharge.
Risks & considerations
Risks include infection, bleeding, a small risk of perforation of the womb, and rarely scarring inside the womb after pregnancy-related procedures. Modern suction techniques and ultrasound guidance have reduced complication rates.
Watch: Dilatation and curettage (D&C) videos
Real procedure videos from the MedicalVideos.com library. Some clinical footage is graphic — that is the nature of a medical video library.
Related guides on MedicalVideos.com
Frequently asked questions
Will it affect future fertility?
A single D&C rarely affects fertility. Repeated procedures or infection slightly raise the risk of internal scarring, which is one reason medical and expectant options for miscarriage are also offered where suitable.
When will I get results?
If tissue was sent for examination, results usually take one to three weeks and are sent to you or discussed in clinic.
Related procedures — Women's Health & Childbirth
Browse the D section of the A–Z list or return to the Procedures & Tests hub.