Lumpectomy (breast-conserving surgery)

Category: General & Abdominal Surgery · All general & abdominal surgery

What it is

A lumpectomy (wide local excision) removes a breast cancer together with a margin of healthy tissue, preserving the rest of the breast. It is usually followed by radiotherapy, and outcomes for suitable cancers are equivalent to mastectomy.

Why it is done

It is used for smaller breast cancers where the tumour can be removed with clear margins while keeping a good breast shape, as judged by the surgical team with imaging and pathology.

How to prepare

If the lump cannot be felt, a wire or marker is placed using ultrasound or mammography guidance on the day to guide the surgeon. You fast beforehand and may have sentinel node tracer as for mastectomy if nodes need checking.

What happens during the procedure

Under general anaesthetic the surgeon removes the lump with its margin, sometimes reshaping the remaining tissue (oncoplastic techniques). The specimen is X-rayed to confirm the target was removed. Surgery usually takes 30 to 90 minutes and is often day-case.

Afterwards — recovery & results

Most people go home the same day. Some bruising, swelling and firmness around the wound are normal for weeks. The laboratory checks that margins are clear; occasionally a second small operation is needed if cancer cells reach the edge. Radiotherapy planning follows once wounds heal.

Risks & considerations

Risks include bleeding, infection, fluid collection, changes in breast shape or sensation, and the possibility of further surgery for margins. Combining surgery with radiotherapy has its own effects, explained by your team.

Frequently asked questions

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