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Mammography
Category: Imaging & Scans · All imaging & scans
What it is
A mammogram is a specialised low-dose X-ray of the breast. Each breast is briefly compressed between two flat plates so the tissue spreads out and detailed pictures can be taken.
Why it is done
Mammograms are used for routine breast screening in the age groups invited by the screening programme, and to investigate breast lumps, pain or other changes at any age.
How to prepare
Avoid deodorant, talc and creams on the chest and underarms on the day, as they can show up on the images. You will undress from the waist up and wear a gown.
What happens during the procedure
The radiographer positions each breast on the machine and compression is applied for a few seconds while each picture is taken; usually two pictures per breast. Compression can feel uncomfortable or briefly painful but passes quickly. The appointment takes about 15 minutes.
Afterwards — recovery & results
You return to normal activities straight away. Screening results are usually sent by letter within a few weeks; a small proportion of people are recalled for extra pictures or tests, which usually turn out to be nothing serious.
Risks & considerations
Mammography uses a low dose of radiation. The main drawback is brief discomfort from compression, and that screening can occasionally flag changes that need assessment but prove harmless.
Watch: Mammography videos
Real procedure videos from the MedicalVideos.com library. Some clinical footage is graphic — that is the nature of a medical video library.
Related guides on MedicalVideos.com
Frequently asked questions
Why does the breast have to be compressed?
Compression spreads the tissue so it does not overlap, holds it still, and allows a lower radiation dose — it makes the pictures much clearer.
I have breast implants — can I still have a mammogram?
Usually yes, with extra pictures taken using a technique that moves the implant aside. Tell the unit when you book so they can allow more time.
Related procedures — Imaging & Scans
Browse the M section of the A–Z list or return to the Procedures & Tests hub.