Orchidectomy (testicle removal)

Category: Urology Procedures & Tests · All urology procedures & tests

What it is

An orchidectomy removes a testicle, usually through a cut in the groin (inguinal orchidectomy) so the cord is tied high — the standard first step in treating suspected testicular cancer. Simpler scrotal approaches are used for benign conditions or hormone treatment of advanced prostate cancer.

Why it is done

Indications include a testicular lump suspicious for cancer, a dead or severely damaged testicle (for example after torsion or injury), infection destroying the testicle, and occasionally as hormone therapy for advanced prostate cancer.

How to prepare

You will have an ultrasound of the testicles and, for suspected cancer, blood tests for tumour markers and usually staging scans after surgery. Sperm banking is discussed before surgery if future fertility is a concern. Fasting applies for general anaesthetic.

What happens during the procedure

Through a groin cut, the testicle and its cord are brought up and removed after the cord is tied and divided high. For benign conditions or hormone treatment, a scrotal cut may be used. Surgery takes about 30 to 60 minutes, usually as a day case.

Afterwards — recovery & results

Recovery is quick — most return to desk work within a week, avoiding heavy lifting and sport for two to three weeks. A prosthesis (artificial testicle) can be placed at the same operation or later if you wish. With one healthy testicle, testosterone and fertility are usually maintained.

Risks & considerations

Risks include bleeding (haematoma), wound infection, chronic groin or scrotal pain (uncommon), and the psychological impact of losing a testicle — support and prosthesis options are offered. For cancer, the tissue diagnosis guides staging and any further treatment.

Frequently asked questions

Browse the O section of the A–Z list or return to the Procedures & Tests hub.