Clavicle

The clavicle, or collarbone, is the S-shaped strut between the breastbone and the shoulder blade. It is the only bony link between the arm and the trunk, holding the shoulder out from the chest so the arm can move freely. It is the first bone to begin forming before birth — and the one most often broken.

Key facts

The clavicle connects the sternum to the scapula (shoulder blade).
It is the only long bone that lies horizontally.
It protects the nerves and vessels passing beneath it to the arm.
It is subcutaneous along its whole length — you can trace it under the skin.
It begins to ossify in the womb, before any other bone.

What can go wrong

Clavicle fractures are very common, usually from falling onto the shoulder or an outstretched hand; the bone typically breaks in its middle third. Most heal with a sling. The joints at either end can be injured (the shoulder-end joint is the one damaged in 'shoulder separation'), and the bone can develop arthritis at its sternal end.

Related procedures & tests

X-ray (general)

Related symptoms

Shoulder pain

Related muscles

Watch: related videos

▶ WatchClavicle fracture repair device ▶ WatchClavicle giant cell tumor resection

Frequently asked questions

Why does the collarbone break so easily?

It is a slender strut taking the full force of falls onto the shoulder, and its S-curve concentrates stress in the middle. Some surgeons argue its fragility is protective — it breaks instead of the shoulder joint or neck structures.

How long does a broken collarbone take to heal?

Most heal in about 6 to 8 weeks with sling support, though full strength takes longer and a bump often remains at the fracture site. A minority — badly displaced or shortened fractures — are fixed with surgery.

Educational information only. This atlas explains normal anatomy and describes conditions in general terms; it is not medical advice and does not replace assessment by a qualified clinician. If you have symptoms that worry you, seek medical care.