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Implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD)
Category: Heart Tests & Procedures · All heart tests & procedures
What it is
An ICD is a device similar to a pacemaker but able to deliver a stronger internal shock to stop dangerously fast heart rhythms, as well as pace the heart if it goes too slowly.
Why it is done
ICDs are offered to people who have survived a dangerous rhythm disturbance or who are judged to be at high risk of one because of heart muscle disease or inherited conditions.
How to prepare
Preparation is similar to a pacemaker implant: fasting, blood tests, an ECG, and a review of medicines, allergies and blood thinners.
What happens during the procedure
Implantation is like a pacemaker: local anaesthetic with sedation, leads passed through a vein into the heart, and the device placed under the skin near the collarbone. The device is tested before you wake fully from sedation. It usually takes one to two hours.
Afterwards — recovery & results
You typically stay overnight. You will be taught what a shock feels like and what to do if one occurs, and given an ID card. Driving restrictions usually apply for a period after implant and after any shock — your team will explain the rules where you live.
Risks & considerations
Risks include infection, bleeding, lead problems and, over time, occasional inappropriate shocks for rhythms that are not dangerous. Regular follow-up, often remote, checks the device and battery.
Related guides on MedicalVideos.com
Frequently asked questions
What does an ICD shock feel like?
People describe a sudden thump or kick in the chest. It is startling but brief. If you receive repeated shocks, seek urgent medical help.
Will the ICD stop me having a cardiac arrest?
It treats dangerous fast rhythms within seconds and greatly reduces their risk, but no device can guarantee outcomes. It works alongside your medicines and follow-up care.
Related procedures — Heart Tests & Procedures
Browse the I section of the A–Z list or return to the Procedures & Tests hub.